List of viceroys of New Spain

Viceroys of New Spain

In addition to viceroys, the following list includes the highest Spanish governors of the colony of New Spain, before the appointment of the first viceroy or when the office of viceroy was vacant. Most of these individuals exercised most or all of the functions of viceroy, usually on an interim basis.

Contents

Spanish rule before appointment of Viceroy (1492-1535)

The Indies

1492 – 1499 Christopher Columbus, as governor and viceroy of the Indies
1499 – 1502 Francisco de Bobadilla, as governor of the Indies
1502 – 1509 Nicolás de Ovando y Cáceres, as governor of the Indies
1509 – 1518 Diego Columbus, as governor of the Indies until 1511, thereafter as viceroy
1518 – 1524 Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, as adelantado (governor-general) of Cuba

New Spain

13 August 1521 – 24 December 1521 Hernán Cortés, Marquis of Valle de Oaxaca
24 December 1521 – 30 December 1521 Cristóbal de Tapia
30 December 1521 – 12 October 1524 Hernán Cortés, Marquis of Valle de Oaxaca, as governor and captain general from 15 October 1522
12 October 1524 – 29 December 1524 Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz, Alonso de Zuazo
29 December 1524 – 17 February 1525 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Zuazo
17 February 1525 – 20 April 1525 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz, Alonso de Zuazo
20 April 1525 – 23 May 1525 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino, Alonso de Zuazo
24 May 1525 – 28 January 1526 Gonzalo de Salazar, Pedro Almíndez Chirino
29 January 1526 – 24 June 1526 Alonso de Estrada, Rodrigo de Albornoz
25 June 1526 – 3 July 1526 Hernán Cortés, Marquis of Valle de Oaxaca
4 July 1526 – 16 July 1526 Luis Ponce de León
16 July 1526 – 1 March 1527 Marcos de Aguilar
2 March 1527 – 22 August 1527 Alonso de Estrada, Gonzalo de Sandoval, Luis de la Torre
22 August 1527 – 8 December 1528 Alonso de Estrada, Luis de la Torre
9 December 1528 – 21 December 1529 Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán, Juan Ortiz de Matienzo, Diego Delgadillo (the first Audiencia)
21 December 1529 – 9 January 1531 Juan Ortiz de Matienzo, Diego Delgadillo (the first Audiencia)
10 January 1531 – 16 April 1535 Sebastián Ramírez de Fuenleal, Vasco de Quiroga, Juan de Salmerón, Alonso de Maldonado, Francisco Ceinos (the second Audiencia)

Viceroys of New Spain (1535–1821)

Picture Viceroy From Until Monarch
Antonio de Mendoza,
Marquis of Mondéjar, Count of Tendilla		 November 14, 1535 November 25, 1550
Charles I
Luís de Velasco,
Count of Santiago		 November 25, 1550 July 31, 1564
Francisco Ceinos,
Dean of the Audiencia		 August 1, 1564 October 19, 1566
Philip II
Gastón Carrillo de Peralta y Bosquete,
Third Marquis of Falces		 October 19, 1566 November 11, 1567
Licenciado Alonzo de Muñoz and
Licenciado Luís Carrillo		 November 11, 1567 April 1568
Licenciado Alonzo de Muñoz April 1568 April 14, 1568
Francisco Ceinos,
Dean of the Audiencia		 April 14, 1568 November 4, 1568
Martín Enríquez de Almanza November 5, 1568 October 4, 1580
Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza,
Fourth Count of La Coruña		 October 4, 1580 June 19, 1583
Luís de Villanueva y Zapata,
Dean of the Audiencia		 June 19, 1583 September 24, 1584
Pedro de Moya y Contrerás
(Archbishop of Mexico)		 September 25, 1584 October 17, 1585
Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga
First Marquis of Villamanrique		 October 17, 1585 January 27, 1590
Luís de Velasco
Marquis of Salinas		 January 27, 1590 November 5, 1595
Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo y Fonseca,
Fifth Count of Monterrey		 November 5, 1595 October 27, 1603
Juan de Mendoza y Luna,
Marquis of Montesclaros		 October 27, 1603 July 2, 1607
Philip III
Luís de Velasco,
Marquis of Salinas		 July 2, 1607 June 19, 1611
García Guerra, O.P.
(Archbishop of Mexico)		 June 19, 1611 February 22, 1612
Pedro Otárola,
Dean of the Audiencia		 February 22, 1612 October 18, 1612
Diego Fernández de Córdoba,
Marquis of Guadalcázar and Count of Posadas		 October 18, 1612 March 14, 1621
Paz de Valecillo,
Dean of the Audiencia		 March 14, 1621 September 11, 1621
Diego Carrillo de Mendoza y Pimentel,
First Marquis of Gélves		 September 12, 1621 November 1, 1624
Philip IV
Vacant
Due to the discrepancy on the arrival of successor Viceroy from November 1 to November 3, 1624.
Rodrigo Pacheco y Osorio de Toledo,
Third Marquis of Cerralvo		 November 3, 1624 September 16, 1635
Lope Díez de Aux de Armendáriz,
Marquis of Cadereyta		 September 16, 1635 August 28, 1640
Diego Roque López Pacheco Cabrera y Bobadilla,
Seventh Duke of Escalona, Seventh Marquis of Villena and Seventh Count of Xiquena		 August 28, 1640 June 10, 1642
Juan de Palafox y Mendoza
(Bishop of Puebla)		 June 10, 1642 November 23, 1642
García Sarmiento de Sotomayor,
Second Count of Salvatierra and Marquis of Sobroso		 November 23, 1642 May 14, 1648
Marcos de Torres y Rueda
(Bishop of Yucatan)		 May 15, 1648 April 22, 1649
Matías de Peralta,
Dean of the Audiencia		 April 22, 1649 June 28, 1650
Luis Enríquez de Guzmán,
Ninth Count of Alba de Liste and Marquis of Villaflor		 June 28, 1650 August 15, 1653
Francisco Fernández de la Cueva,
Eighth Duke of Alburquerque, Marquis of Cuéllar, Count of Ledesma and of Huelma		 August 15, 1653 September 16, 1660
Juan de Leyva de la Cerda,
Count of Baños and Marquis of Leyva and of Ladrada		 September 16, 1660 June 29, 1664
Diego Osorio de Escobar y Llamas
(Bishop of Puebla)		 June 29, 1664 October 15, 1664
Antonio Sebastián de Toledo Molina y Salazar,
Second Marquis of Mancera		 October 16, 1664 November 20, 1673
Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal y Castro,
Sixth Duke of Veragua, Sixth Marquis of Jamaica and Sixth Count of Gelves		 November 20, 1673 December 13, 1673
Charles II
Payo Enríquez de Rivera Manrique, O.S.A.
(Bishop of Guatemala and Archbishop of Mexico)		 December 13, 1673 November 7, 1680
Tomás Antonio Manuel Lorenzo de la Cerda y Aragón
Third Marquis of La Laguna de Camero Viejo		 November 7, 1680 June 16, 1686
Melchor Portocarrero y Lasso de la Vega,
Third Count of Monclova		 June 16, 1686 November 20, 1688
Gaspar Melchor Baltasar de la Cerda Silva Sandoval y Mendoza,
Eighth Count of Galve, Lord of Salcedón and Tortola		 November 20, 1688 February 27, 1696
Juan de Ortega Cano Montañez y Patiño
(Bishop of Durango, Guatemala, Michoacán and Archbishop of Mexico)		 February 27, 1696 December 18, 1696
José Sarmiento y Valladares,
Count of Moctezuma and of Tula		 December 18, 1696 November 4, 1701
Juan de Ortega Cano Montañez y Patiño
(Archbishop of Mexico)		 November 4, 1701 November 27, 1702
Philip V
Francisco V Fernández de la Cueva Enríquez y Fernández de la Cueva,
Tenth Duke of Alburquerque and Marquis of Cuéllar		 November 27, 1702 November 13, 1710
Fernando de Alencastre Noroña y Silva,
First Duke of Linares and Marquis of Valdefuentes		 November 13, 1710 July 16, 1716
Baltasar de Zúñiga Guzmán Sotomayor y Mendoza,
Duke of Arión and Marquis of Valero		 July 16, 1716 October 15, 1722
Juan de Acuña y Bejarano,
Second Marquis of Casa Fuerte		 October 15, 1722 March 17, 1734
Louis I
From 1700–1724, Philip V of Spain was the king; then from 1724–1746. Louis I only reigned in 1724.
Juan Antonio de Vizarrón y Eguiarreta
(Archbishop of Mexico)		 March 17, 1734 August 17, 1740
Philip V
Pedro de Castro Figueroa y Salazar,
First Duke of La Conquista and First Marquis of Gracia Real		 August 17, 1740 August 22, 1741
Pedro Malo de Villavicencio,
President of the Audiencia		 August 23, 1741 November 2, 1742
Pedro Cebrián y Agustín,
Fifth Count of Fuenclara		 November 3, 1742 July 9, 1746
Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas,
First Count of Revillagigedo		 July 9, 1746 November 9, 1755
Ferdinand VI
Agustín de Ahumada y Villalón,
Marquis of Las Amarillas		 November 10, 1755 February 5, 1760
Francisco Antonio de Echávarri,
Dean of the Audiencia		 February 5, 1760 April 28, 1760
Francisco Cajigal de la Vega April 28, 1760 October 5, 1760
Charles III
Joaquín de Montserrat,
Marquis of Cruillas		 October 5, 1760 August 24, 1766
Carlos Francisco de Croix,
Marquis of Croix		 August 24, 1766 September 22, 1771
Antonio María de Bucareli y Ursúa,
Marquis of Valleheroso and Count of Jerena		 September 22, 1771 April 9, 1779
Francisco Romá y Rosell,
Regent of the Audiencia		 April 10, 1779 August 22, 1779
Martín de Mayorga Ferrer,
Captain General of Guatemala		 August 23, 1779 April 28, 1783
Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo,
Captain General of Guatemala		 April 28, 1783 October 20, 1784
Vicente de Herrera y Rivero,
Regent of the Audiencia		 October 20, 1784 June 17, 1785
Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid,
Viscount of Galveston and Count of Gálvez		 June 17, 1785 November 30, 1786
Eusebio Sánchez Pareja y Beleño
Regent of the Audiencia		 November 30, 1786 May 8, 1787
Alonso Núñez de Haro y Peralta
(Archbishop of Mexico)		 May 8, 1787 August 16, 1787
Manuel Antonio Flores Maldonado Martínez Ángulo y Bodquín August 16, 1787 October 16, 1789
Juan Vicente de Güemes Pacheco de Padilla y Horcasitas,
Second Count of Revillagigedo		 October 17, 1789 July 11, 1794
Charles IV
Miguel de la Grúa Talamanca de Carini y Branciforte,
First Marquis of Branciforte		 July 12, 1794 May 31, 1798
Miguel José de Azanza,
Duke of Santa Fe		 May 31, 1798 April 30, 1800
Félix Berenguer de Marquina April 30, 1800 January 4, 1803
José de Iturrigaray January 4, 1803 September 16, 1808
Pedro de Garibay 16 September 1808 19 July 1809
Joseph Bonaparte
Francisco Javier de Lizana y Beaumont
(Archbishop of Mexico)		 19 July 1809 8 May 1810
Ferdinand VII
Pedro Catani 8 May 1810 14 September 1810
Francisco Javier Venegas,
Marquess of Reunión and of New Spain		 14 September 1810 4 March 1813
Félix María Calleja del Rey,
First Count of Calderón		 4 March 1813 20 September 1816
Juan Ruiz de Apodaca,
First Count of Venadito		 20 September 1816 5 July 1821
Francisco Novella Azabal Pérez y Sicardo 15 July 1821 21 July 1821
Juan O'Donojú 21 July 1821 28 September 1821

See also

External links